GSAP vs. Framer Motion: A Deep Dive

When it comes to web animation, GSAP (GreenSock Animation Platform) and Framer Motion are two of the most popular and powerful libraries available. Both can create stunning animations, but they have different philosophies and are suited for different use cases.

GSAP: The Powerhouse

GSAP is a professional-grade animation library that offers unparalleled performance, flexibility, and control. It's imperative, meaning you tell it exactly what to do and when. This makes it ideal for complex, timeline-based animations and orchestrating intricate sequences.

When to Use GSAP

• Complex timeline-based animations
• Scroll-triggered animations (with ScrollTrigger plugin)
• SVG animations
• Canvas animations
• Animations that require precise control and timing
• Cross-framework compatibility (works with React, Vue, vanilla JS, etc.)

GSAP Example

gsap.timeline()
  .to('.box', { x: 100, duration: 1 })
  .to('.box', { y: 100, duration: 1 })
  .to('.box', { rotation: 360, duration: 1 });

Framer Motion: The React-Friendly Choice

Framer Motion is a declarative animation library designed specifically for React. It integrates seamlessly with React components, making it incredibly easy to animate components based on state changes. Its simple API and focus on gesture-based animations make it a great choice for UI interactions.

When to Use Framer Motion

• React projects
• Component-based animations
• Layout animations
• Gesture-based interactions (drag, hover, tap)
• Page transitions
• Animations tied to React state

Framer Motion Example

<motion.div
  initial={{ opacity: 0, y: 50 }}
  animate={{ opacity: 1, y: 0 }}
  exit={{ opacity: 0, y: -50 }}
  transition={{ duration: 0.5 }}
/>

The Verdict

Ultimately, the choice depends on the project. For complex, artistic animations and precise control, GSAP is often the winner. For interactive UIs in React with state-based animations, Framer Motion shines. In many projects, like this one, we even use both to leverage their respective strengths.

Use GSAP when: You need maximum control, complex timelines, or framework-agnostic solutions.

Use Framer Motion when: You're working in React and want declarative, component-based animations.